Amalensi okuxhumana e-Bifocal awasekho nje okwamehlo agugayo.Ezinganeni ezine-myopic ezineminyaka engu-7 ubudala, amalensi okuxhumana amaningi anekhono lokufunda umthamo ophezulu angabambezela kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia, ucwaningo olusha luye lwathola.
Ocwaningweni lomtholampilo lweminyaka emithathu lwezingane ezicishe zibe ngu-300, imiyalelo yelensi yokuxhumana ye-bifocal enokulungiswa okuphezulu kakhulu okuseduze kwehlise ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia ngamaphesenti angama-43 uma kuqhathaniswa namalensi okuxhumana ombono owodwa.
Nakuba abantu abadala abaningi abaneminyaka engu-40 bathatha isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nemithi yabo yokuqala ye-multifocal contact lens, izingane ocwaningweni ezazisebenzisa amalensi okuxhumana athambile afanayo atholakala ngokuthengiswa azizange zibe nezinkinga zokubona naphezu kwekhono lazo lokulungisa eliqinile.Amalensi amaningi ezigulini ezimyopic alungisa ibanga elicacile. ukubona kanye “nokwandisa” ubude bokugxila emsebenzini oseduze ophonsa inselelo kumehlo aneminyaka ephakathi.
I-Bifocal Contact Lens
“Abantu abadala badinga amalensi okuxhumana amaningi ngoba abasakwazi ukugxila ekufundeni,” kusho uJeffrey Walling, uprofesa we-Optometry e-Ohio State University kanye nombhali oholayo wocwaningo.
“Yize izingane zigqoka ama-contact lens amaningi, zisakwazi ukugxila, ngakho kufana nokuzinika amalensi avamile.Bangeneka kalula kunabantu abadala.”
Ucwaningo, olubizwa nge-BLINK (Bifocal Lenses for Children with Myopia), lushicilelwe namuhla (August 11) ku-JAMA.
Ku-myopia, noma ukubona eduze, iso likhula libe yisimo esibude ngendlela engahlelekile, isizathu esihlala siyimfihlakalo.Ucwaningo lwezilwane lunikeze ososayensi amandla okuxhumana ukuze balawule ukukhula kwamehlo ngokusebenzisa ingxenye yokufunda ye-multifocal contact lens. ukugxilisa ukukhanya okuthile phambi kwe-retina - ungqimba lwezicubu ezizwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso - ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamehlo.
“Lawa macontact lens ahamba neso futhi anikeza ukugxila kakhulu phambi kwe-retina kunezibuko,” kusho u-Waring, ophinde abe ngumqondisi wocwaningo e-Ohio State's School of Optometry.” Futhi sifuna ukwehlisa izinga lokukhula. yamehlo, ngoba i-myopia ibangelwa ukukhula kwamehlo isikhathi eside.”
Lolu cwaningo kanye nabanye sebevele benza inqubekelaphambili ekwelapheni izingane ze-myopic, kusho u-Waring.Izinketho zihlanganisa amalensi okuxhumana amaningi, ama-lens othintana nawo avuselela i-cornea ngesikhathi sokulala (okuthiwa i-orthokeratology), uhlobo oluthile lwamaconsi iso olubizwa ngokuthi i-atropine, nezibuko ezikhethekile.
I-Myopia ayiyona nje into ephazamisayo. I-Myopia yandisa ingozi yokuba nolwelwesi lwamehlo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retina, i-glaucoma, nokonakala kwe-myopic macular. Zonke lezi zimo zingabangela ukulahlekelwa ukubona, ngisho nangezibuko noma amalensi okuxhumana. ukubona eduze kancane kuthuthukisa amathuba okuhlinzwa nge-laser ukulungisa ngempumelelo ukubona futhi kungakhubazi uma ungagqokile okuqondisayo, njengalapho uvuka ekuseni.
I-Myopia ivamile futhi, ithinta cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu abadala e-US, futhi iya ivame kakhulu - njengoba umphakathi wesayensi ukholelwa ukuthi izingane zichitha isikhathi esincane zingaphandle kunesikhathi esedlule.I-Myopia ivamise ukuqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-8 kanye ne-10 futhi iqhubekele eminyakeni eyi-18.
U-Walline useneminyaka eminingi efunda ukusetshenziswa kwamalensi okuxhumana ezingane futhi uthole ukuthi ngaphezu kokukwazi ukubona kahle, amalensi okuxhumana nawo angathuthukisa ukuzethemba kwezingane.
Wathi: “Ingane encane kakhulu engake ngayifunda yayineminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala.” Akubona bonke abaneminyaka engu-25 abakwazi ukubekezelela ama-contact lens.Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezineminyaka engu-7 ingangena ngokufanelekile kumalensi okuxhumana, futhi cishe zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 ubudala zingangena.”
I-Bifocal Contact Lens
Kulolu cwaningo, olwenziwa e-Ohio State University kanye naseNyuvesi yase-Houston, izingane ezine-myopic ezineminyaka engu-7-11 zanikezwa ngokungahleliwe kwelinye lamaqembu amathathu abantu abagqoka lens yokuxhumana: i-monovision noma i-multifocal kadokotela enokwenyuka kwe-1.50 diopta ekufundeni okuphakathi noma Ukwengeza okuphezulu okungu-2.50 diopters.I-Diopter iyunithi yokulinganisa yamandla okubona adingekayo ukuze kulungiswe ukubona.
Njengeqembu, ababambiqhaza babenesilinganiso se-diopter esingu--2.39 diopters ekuqaleni kocwaningo.Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, izingane ezigqoke amalensi anenani eliphakeme zazinokuqhubekela phambili okuncane kwe-myopia nokukhula kancane kwamehlo.Ngokwesilinganiso, izingane ezazigqoka ama-high-add ama-bifocals akhulisa amehlo awo ngo-0.23 mm ngaphansi kweminyaka emithathu kunalabo abagqoka umbono owodwa.Amalensi aphakathi nendawo awakubambezeli ukukhula kwamehlo ngaphezu kwamalensi ombono owodwa.
Abacwaningi baqaphela ukuthi ukuncipha kokukhula kwamehlo kwakudinga ukulinganisela ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene nokwenza izingane zikwazi ukwamukela amakhono okufunda aqinile kudala ngaphambi kokuba izingane zidinge leli zinga lokulungisa.Kube nomehluko wezinhlamvu ezimbili phakathi kwabafake amalensi e-monofocal nabafaka amalensi amaningi lapho ukuhlola ikhono labo lokufunda izinhlamvu ezimpunga kungemuva elimhlophe.
“Okumayelana nokuthola indawo emnandi,” kusho u-Waring.” Eqinisweni, sithole ukuthi ngisho namandla angeziwe awazange anciphise kakhulu umbono wabo, futhi neze ngendlela ehlobene nomtholampilo.”
Ithimba locwaningo liqhubekile nokulandela ababambiqhaza abafanayo, libaphatha ngamalensi e-bifocal anamathisele kakhulu iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuwashintsha wonke kumalensi okuxhumana anombono owodwa.
“Umbuzo uthi siyabambezela ukukhula kwamehlo kodwa kwenzekani uma siwakhipha ekwelashweni?Ingabe zibuyela lapho zazihlelwe khona kuqala?Ukuqina komphumela wokwelashwa yilokho esizokuhlola,” kusho uWalline..
Ucwaningo luxhaswe yiNational Eye Institute, eyingxenye yeNational Institutes of Health, futhi isekelwa yi-Bausch + Lomb, ehlinzeka ngezixazululo zelensi yokuxhumana.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-17-2022
